ENGINEERING
Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. In the contemporary era, engineering is generally considered to consist of the major primary branches of chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering.There are numerous other engineering sub disciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that may or may not be part of these major engineering branches.
WHAT DOES AN ENGINEER DO?
Engineers design, evaluate, develop, test, modify, install, inspect and maintain a wide variety of products and systems. They also recommend and specify materials and processes, supervise manufacturing and construction, conduct failure analysis, provide consulting services and teach engineering courses in colleges and universities.
Mechanical engineering:-involves design, manufacturing, inspection and maintenance of machinery, equipment and components as well as control systems and instruments for monitoring their status and performance. This includes vehicles, construction and farm machinery, industrial installations and a wide variety of tools and devices.
Electrical engineering:- involves design, testing, manufacturing, construction, control, monitoring and inspection of electrical and electronic devices, machinery and systems. These systems vary in scale from microscopic circuits to national power generation and transmission systems.
Civil engineering:-involves design, construction, maintenance and inspection of large infrastructure projects such as highways, railroads, bridges, tunnels, dams and airports.
Aerospace engineering:- involves design, manufacturing and testing of aircraft and spacecraft as well as parts and components such as airframes, power plants, control and guidance systems, electrical and electronic systems, and communication and navigation systems.
Computer engineering:- is the practice of designing computer hardware components, computer systems, networks and computer software.
|
Branch |
Focus |
Related sciences |
Products |
|---|---|---|---|
| Software engineering |
Focuses on the design and development of software systems |
Computer science, information theory, systems engineering, formal language |
apps, websites, operating systems, embedded systems |
| Mining engineering |
Focuses on the use of applied science and technology to extract various minerals from the earth, not to be confused with, which deals with mineral processing of various ores after they have already been mined |
Rock mechanics geostatistics soil mechanics control engineering geophysics fluid mechanics drilling and blasting |
Gold, silver, coal, iron ore, potash, limestone, diamond, rare-earth element bauxite, copper |
|
Metallurgical engineering materials engineering |
Focuses on extraction of metals from its ores and development of new materials |
Material science thermodynamics extraction of metals, physical metallurgy, mechanical metallurgy, nuclear materials, steel technology |
Iron, steel, polymers, ceramics, metals |
|
Mechatronics engineering |
Focuses on the technology and controlling all the industrial field |
Process control automation |
Robotics controllers CNC |
|
Mechanical engineering |
Focuses on the development and operation of energy systems, transport systems, manufacturing systems, machines and control systems |
Dynamics kinematics statics fluid mechanics materials science metallurgy strength of materials thermodynamics heat transfer mechanics mechatronics manufacturing engineering control engineering |
airplanes machines power generation spacecraft, buildings consumer goods, manufacturing, HVAC |
|
Industrial engineering |
Focuses on the design, optimization, and operation of production, logistics, and service systems and processes |
Operations research, engineering statistics, applied probability and stochastic processes, methods engineering, production engineering, manufacturing engineering,systems engineering, logistics engineering, ergonomics |
quality control systems, manufacturing systems, warehousing systems, supply chains, logistics networks, queueing systems, business process management |
|
Electrical engineering |
Focuses on application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism |
Mathematics, probability and statistics engineering ethics, engineering economics,instrumentation, materials science physics, network analysis,electromagnetism, linear system, electronics, electric power, logic, computer science, data transmission, systems engineering, control engineering, signal processing |
Electricity generation and equipment, remote sensing, robotics, control system, computers,home appliances, Internet of things, , avionics, hybrid vehicles, spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, optoelectronics, embedded systems |
|
Computer engineering |
Focuses on the design and development of computer hardware & software systems |
Computer science, mathematics, electrical engineering |
Microprocessors, microcontrollers, operating systems, embedded systems, computer networks |
|
Civil engineering |
Focuses on the construction of large systems, structures, and environmental systems |
Statics, fluid mechanics, soil mechanics, structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental engineering |
Roads, bridges, dams, buildings, structural system, foundation,earthworks, waste management, water treatment |
|
Chemical engineering |
Focuses on the manufacturing of chemicals and chemical production processes |
Chemistry, thermodynamics, process engineering,nanotechnology, biology, medicine |
Chemicals, petroleum, medicines, raw materials, food and drink, genetic engineering |
|
Biomedical engineering |
Focuses on closing the gap between engineering and medicine to advance various health care treatments. |
Biology, physics, chemistry, medicine |
Prostheses, medical devices, regenerative tissue growth, various safety mechanisms, genetic engineering |
|
Architectural engineering and building engineering |
Focuses on building and construction |
Architecture, architectural technology |
Buildings and bridges |
|
Aerospace engineering |
Focuses on the development of aircraft and spacecraft |
Aeronautics, astrodynamics,astronautics, avionics, control engineering, fluid mechanics, kinematics, materials science, thermodynamics |
Aircraft, robotics, spacecraft, trajectories |